In California, Limited Liability Companies (“LLC”) are either managed by their members or designated managers, depending on how it is structured. These two kinds of management structures are the primary approaches to LLC management in California and are known as the (1) Member-Managed and (2) Manager-Managed structures. In member-managed LLCs, members are actively involved...

The internal affairs doctrine indicates what state’s law is applicable to a corporation or limited liability company’s (LLC) internal affairs. This is important in adjudicating any corporate disputes like breach of contract, breach of fiduciary duty or other lawsuits that might arise involving business and corporations. What is a corporation? A corporation is a...

Commercial Litigation is the process used to resolve legal disputes arising from business transactions and relationships. As an area of law, commercial litigation encompasses a wide range of issues including business torts, antitrust claims, and intellectual property disputes. These claims typically arise out of breaches of contract, disputes over products and services, and financial...

California businesses are required to register with the Secretary of State to legally conduct business in the state. The specific requirements a business must meet when registering with the Secretary of State vary depending on the type of business, but all businesses, regardless of type are required to file a Statement of Information. If...

In today’s world, where authenticity and legality are very important, notarizing documents is a crucial step in many legal transactions. Whether you’re finalizing a real estate deal, creating a will, or signing a power of attorney, having your documents notarized adds an extra layer of assurance that they are legitimate and binding. If you’re...

The purpose of this article is to explain what Partnership Dissolutions and Partnership Buyout Agreements are. Understanding the purpose of these contracts is important to business partners attempting to navigate the dissolution or end of their partnership and the loss of a partner. Knowing the differences between a Partnership Dissolution and a Partnership Buyout...

The Corporate Transparency Act of 2020 (the “CTA”) is a Federal law set to go into effect on January 1, 2024. It forces certain members of businesses (those who formed them and those who own large portions of the entity) to report sensitive information to the Federal Government. Congress’ justification is that more than...

The statutory LLC buyout is a special remedy designed for lawsuits seeking to dissolve LLCs. After members of the entity sue to dissolve the business, the other members (all of them or some of them) have the statutory ability to avoid dissolution by buying out the membership interests of these “moving parties.” However, problems...

When business entities become subject to internal dissension, it’s not uncommon for several members to approach the court system and seek to dissolve the entity. Often, this is in the best interest of all involved. Sometimes, however, the other members, shareholders, or partners, do not want to let the business go. They feel it...

LLC’s are perhaps the most common form of business entity in the country on account of their approachability. But their large number means that plenty will and do fail. When this occurs, members of the LLC can file a lawsuit for “involuntary dissolution.” That said, the non-dissolving members have a way of fighting back:...

Recently, the California Supreme Court clarified that California Penal Code section 496 applies to business disputes. This is significant as Section 496 outlines penalties for someone who buys or receives stolen property, or property obtained through theft or extortion. (Penal Code § 496.) Of particular concern is 496, subdivision (c), which allows triple damages...

Anytime a litigant wants to file a lawsuit, a threshold question is where the lawsuit should be filed. Specifically, the question is what county should get to hear the action. This process is called determining “venue,” and it can become quite a complicated endeavor. This is because the “correct” county for action will depend...

A Civil Harassment Restraining Order is a type of restraining order used in California to stop a person from harassing or threatening another. However, the requirements for a civil harassment restraining order are slightly different than a typical restraining order. Essentially, a civil harassment restraining order is for the purpose of providing protection to...

Partnerships are incredibly common business entities that many Californians enter on a regular basis, often to acquire and develop real estate over many years. Unfortunately, many fail to get off the ground, as mismanagement, poor spending, and bickering derail what may have been promising ventures. In these instances, a single partner can apply to...

Partnerships are incredibly common business entities that many Californians enter on a regular basis, often to acquire and develop real estate over many years. But even the most successful arrangements must come to an end. Unfortunately, more often than not, the dissolution procedures “unwind” what may have been a series of cordial and respectful...

Attorney’s fees are those fees owed by a client to an attorney who performed legal services on behalf of the client. In some cases, a court may order the losing party to pay the attorney’s fees of the other party. Whether attorney’s fees are available as damages depends on the nature of the action....

If the parties consent to arbitration, they decide to settle their dispute outside the confines and strict procedure of courtrooms. That said, arbitration awards are not automatically court judgments just because they resolve legal claims. On the contrary, arbitration awards are just contracts between parties and are not independently enforceable under the law. For...

In California, business enterprises can take many forms (LLCs, corporations, partnerships, etc.). But perhaps the most unique is the “joint venture,” a special entity that, more often than not, is imposed by courts as a matter of law. This is because a joint venture is simply an “undertaking by two or more persons jointly...

The way a business is conducted depends on the entity used to conduct it. There are several entities one can form in order to conduct a business. One common entity used to conduct a business is a partnership. The formalities for creating a partnership are dependent on what type of partnership a person decides...

No. In California, individuals often hide behind “corporations” that consist of a single shareholder. In so doing, they protect themselves from liability by utilizing a corporate form. This can be especially frustrating in lawsuits. Often, a plaintiff will receive a judgment in their favor, only to find the corporation they’ve sued has magically become...

General partnerships, and their “joint venture” cousins, are composed of partners seeking to make a profit in a business venture. But things don’t always work out. Often, a once promising endeavor breaks down due to mismanagement and miscommunication. In these situations, partners may feel the urge to get out with whatever equity they can....

Yes. While joint ventures are a distinct type of business entity, they share many similarities with general partnerships in California. In fact, “the resemblance between a partnership and joint venture is so close that the rights as between adventurers are governed by practically the same rules that govern partners.” (Milton Kauffman, Inc. v. Superior...

Shareholder derivative suits are lawsuits that allow and assist shareholders in bringing legal action against the board of directors or officers in a corporate entity for illegal action. Read on to find out about the relationship between shareholders and derivative suits. What is a shareholder? Shareholders are everyday individuals who have what is called...

At some point or another, it becomes necessary to have “the talk” and “define the relationship” within a business. While the thought of defining business roles may make some people nervous, not having a conversation is a source of even greater anxiety when the relationship involves an investment, business venture, or development project. The...

Who is Marcus Underwood Law Firm, P.C.? This blog is a next-generation law firm designed to solve modern-day legal problems in greater Sacramento and Northern California by combining new technology with an old-fashioned focus on your legal most difficult and complex legal problems. What does this Blog Cover? This blog will provide its readers...